Usually varicose veins affecting the lower extremities, may develop years and even decades. Varicose veins (varices) of the legs – it is always impaired function of the valves of the veins and blood flow. Proper blood flow is characterized by the movement of the blood in the veins of the legs in the upward direction (opposite to the force of gravity). To a large extent this process is possible thanks to the work of inflammation of the valves, which prevents the reverse flow of blood. Disturbances in the functioning of these valves lead to the disruption of the venous blood flow and as a result of the stretching of the veins. For this the veins the blood begins to flow in a chaotic order, often zastaivayas in the the veins of the legs. Due to arising in this context, the considerable pressure of the vascular wall does not stand up, extend, and to the fullest. When the dilated veins with the naked eye visible under the skin in the form of knots. Often due to slow blood flow in dilated veins occurs blood clots. Violations of the processes of supply of the skin leads to the formation of venous ulcers.
Causes the development of varicose disease on the feet quite a lot:
- Genetic predisposition (hereditary are passed on predisposing to disease factors – congenital weakness of the inflammation of the walls and the valve of the apparatus, loss of elasticity).
- Violation of the circulation of blood in the middle of the constipation, wearing tight shoes, smoking, lack of physical activity.
- The reception of hormonal drugs (single-phase birth control pills with a high dose of estrogen leads to thickening of the blood).
- An increase in pressure on the venous type, provocaverunt obesity, pregnancy, sedentary way of life (sedentary work), a permanent vertical load (staff, after a whole day of staying standing on my feet).
- Hormonal changes in older age.
Data causes may lead to the wrong pathological flow of blood in the veins of the lower extremities – refluxus or the reverse flow of blood from the deeper veins in the superficial veins. These reasons contribute to the deterioration of the disease in the future.
Symptoms of varicose veins on the legs
- enlargement of the subcutaneous veins;
- a feeling of burning or warmth on the go the veins in the lower extremities;
- a feeling of heaviness in the legs;
- swelling of the soft tissues of the lower extremities in the evening (the area of the feet, ankles, lower limbs);
- night cramps in the calf muscles;
- browning and sealing the skin of the lower limbs;
- pain in the course of the veins;
- trophic ulcers.
For each patient symptomatology while varicose veins may be different, but one point is still the same – a feeling of heaviness in the legs, which is called "heavy legs syndrome". Most often symptomatic complex is the most expressed in the evening, but also during the intense heat.
In the event that the disease is running, the skin on the legs become cyanotic hue, and the patient at this stage no cure get not rarely observed skin hyperpigmentation and lipodermatosclerosis, and in more severe cases develop trophic ulcers.
The danger presents itself varices, developing on its background complications – thrombophlebitis (inflammation of the inner walls of the veins), which leads to the formation of blood clots. Blood clots are often the preference of the lumen of the vein (phlebothrombosis) and can also take off and get into the lungs. Due to the serious complications of varicose veins in patients seen fatal consequences.
Diagnosis of varicose veins on the legs
If it is detected in each of the above symptoms, or at least a few of them need to urgently seek medical advice phlebologist or vascular surgeon. Since early detection of the disease depend on the nature of the treatment, but also prevention of development of complications.
For the diagnosis of varicose veins prescribe the following studies.
- ULTRASOUND examination of the veins or duplex scanning – the estimated throughput and the extensio of the veins, direction of blood flow, and also determine the presence of blood clots in veins.
- Contrast venography – an assessment of the condition of the veins, determine whether the tumors and blood clots, through the re-create the exact "cast" a vein of the patient to the x-ray image. Usually this method replaces the ULTRASOUND, because this is considered to be the easiest to implement.
When it is necessary to seek immediate medical help
Upon the occurrence of the following symptoms go to the doctor should be immediate:
- The occurrence of acute pain in the lower limbs with every movement. In this leg with memory swollen and is very dense, the skin as if on fire.
- A feeling of weakness, accompanied by the pompous, the feeling of lack of oxygen.
- Of the affected by alzheimer's vienna began to drip blood.
Treatment of varicose veins on the legs
Conservative methods of treatment of varicose veins.
Non-invasive method of treatment is used in the initial stage of development of the disease, when there are no complications. Conservative methods include input to specialized medical devices (angioprotectors, anticoagulants, venotoniki, non-steroidal anti-antiinflammatory drugs in the form of tablets, ointments, and gels), which will help ease feelings of pain, and also they are the prevention of complications.
Of great importance in the therapy of varicose veins is to restore the tone of the walls of blood vessels. Realize it is possible by means of special funds. Vehicle a domestic manufacturer does not dye, does not have a membrane shell, without preservatives, this is the reason why acting substance diosmin absorbed more quickly, thereby minimizing the likelihood of manifestations of allergic reactions.
Non-invasive therapy of varicose veins in addition provides wearing compression underwear, adherence to a special diet, systematic physical load (the complex of therapeutic exercises).
These measures reduce the venous failure, highlights the development of thrombophlebitis. Next, the doctor in addition to the above measures of treatment of varicose veins can prescribe a course of manual or hardware, lymphatic drainage, treatment of improve the outflow of blood from the lower extremities, reducing swelling. The effect of the procedure is not long-term.
Treatment of varicose veins with leeches.
Treatment with leeches is quite an effective method in the fight with varicose veins. Penetrates inside the affected by alzheimer's vienna, leech saliva, due to the content in it hirudin (natural heparin), contributes liquefactionibus the blood and prevents the formation of blood clots. Today, on the basis of hirudin created drugs, which makes "contact with the leeches", it is possible to avoid.
Modern bezoperatsionnye treatment of varicose veins on the legs.
Sclerotherapy.
Sclerotherapy is the most effective non-surgical method of treatment of varicose veins. During the procedure in the clearance of the patient's vessel, the doctor introduces a special product releasing sticking his walls, and later (in the course of 1.5 years) of their resorption. Normal therapeutic course at the stage of spider veins contains from 3 to 6 treatments on each leg. The result will be evident after 2-8 weeks, during which they can observe pain, hematoma, mild tingling, which gradually will be held. The specified drug is in each case set individually, so the risk of complications is minimal. In the period of treatment the patient should wear a compression stocking.
The effectiveness of sclerotherapy in the treatment of varicose veins can be compared with classical surgery, subsides it only the most modern methods - endovenous laser coagulation, which is caused by the advent of the "foam form" (foam) sclerotherapy, and also by performing procedures under ULTRASOUND control or translyuministsentnoy lamps. All this at a time reduce the amount of undesirable phenomena.
Sclerotherapy can be done using the ultrasound scanner, then the procedure is called echosclerotherapy. The next scanner app gives the option to doctor fully control the movement of the needle in the vein and the distribution of drugs.
If the drug is introduced into the modified vienna in the form of a microfoam, then the procedure is called the foam-form sclerotherapy. Thanks to closer contact microfoam with the venous wall, the method has a high efficiency. Displacement of blood from the blood vessels, the microfoam supports the faster its bonding and blocking functions.
endovasal or endovenous laser coagulation.
One of the modern and less traumatic ways to treat varicose veins on the legs. The impact of the laser beam on the damaged vein is performed under local anesthesia. The results visible after a month after the procedure. The method is quite expensive.
Medical therapy varicose veins on the legs well supplement folk remedies that will not only increase the tone and elasticity of the inflammation of the vascular walls, but also warned of further development of the disease. Recipes of folk medicine with regular use they help to treat the severely advanced cases of the disease (sores on the skin, thrombosis).
Before starting treatment, it is important to identify the cause of the disease, turns to the doctor, overtighten and not to wait for complications (ulcers on the skin, thrombosis), start treatment as soon as possible, until the thickness of the vein at the surface should not exceed 5 mm, and nodes 7 mm. During the therapeutic course is recommended to wear clothes and shoes, does not limit the operation, give up heavy physical exertion and habits to throw a leg over the other.
Modern methods of operational (surgical) treatment of varicose veins on the legs
In the absence of the desired result as a result of conservative treatment of varicose veins requires surgery. Surgery is a radical method of treatment of a disease in which performs the removal of the altered vein. Today it is done under tumescent anesthesia (local anesthesia of a mixture of natural anesthetic). The advantages of this method is that the patient can leave the clinic two hours after surgery, no postoperative hematomas, easier to carry, not intoxication, as in the implementation of the operation in general anesthesia.
Phlebectomy – through special punctures is done to remove the altered diseases of the veins in order to normalize the blood flow in the deep veins. Operation in some cases it is preferable to sclerotherapy. Among the advantages, there was a rapid recovery of the patient, small scars, in addition, the achieved effect persists for years.
Short Stripping – the removal of only the changed land of vienna through two small incisions. It determines in advance the location and extent of the affected veins. In this method, the soft tissue of the patient suffering from, there was a rapid recovery, the lack of painful sensations after surgery.
Endoscopic dissectione veins - in this method, the doctor using a small size on the affected vienna it will an endoscope, which gives the possibility to obtain data on the internal condition of varicose veins, the length of the affected area, and also with the accuracy of control of your actions during the cut-off-site vienna, minimizes injuries.
Prevention of varicose veins on the legs
- Restrictions on entrance to the sauna, the adoption of hot baths, prolonged stay in the sun (it all leads to a reduction in venous tone, and the stagnation of the blood).
- More physical activity (moderate running, swimming, hiking, water aerobics, cycling, skiing).
- Control your weight.
- Rejection of the tight-fitting, tight clothes and narrow and tight shoes.
- Get rid of the habit to sit "foot to foot".
- Avoid constipation (eat, observe drinking regime).
- Evenly allocates the load on the legs (do not sit or not do not stay long in one position).
- Showers and cold pouring of the legs.
- Wear compression clothes to people who are in risk groups (pregnant, with hereditary predisposition, the workers, for which the sedentary work or whose work is associated with heavy physical exertion or the need to spend all day on their feet).
- Therapeutic physical education.
During treatment varicose veins some physical exercise banned, only for the purpose of prevention.
Diet for varicose veins
- Reduce salty, spicy and smoked foods.
- To give up alcohol.
- Restriction of meat products.
- Enrichment of the diet of fresh fruits and vegetables, products, contribute to the strengthening of the walls of blood vessels (carrots, olive oil, walnuts, rose hips, green tea, wheat sprouted grains, legumes, green onion).
- Daily intake of apple cider vinegar (per cup of water, 2 tsp).
If it is detected in himself the first symptoms of varicose veins immediately contact a doctor. People outside the risk group (those who have predisposing factors), and which have a genetic predisposition to varicose disease, it is recommended once every two years to visit a phlebologist with the necessary power of ultrasonic studies.