In most cases, conservative treatment is not effective, for this it is necessary to perform a surgical operation. They do it in the following cases:
- large varices, which occupies a large part of vienna;
- acute phlebothrombosis or thromboembolism;
- improper enlargement of the subcutaneous veins;
- the presence of edema on the leg;
- violation of the circulation of blood in the venous system;
- trophic advancing ulcers, which defy medical treatment;
- chronic fatigue legs and a traffic violation.
Restrictions and contraindications
Unfortunately, not everyone can perform surgery, despite the severity of the disease. Operations not performed in the following cases:
- running a state of disease, when the operation will not bring effective results;
- the accompanying essential hypertension 3 degrees, Ikhs ;
- sepsis or other inflammatory-infectious processes in the body;
- senile age greater than 75 years;
- pregnancy 2 and 3 trimester;
- diseases of the skin in the period of exacerbation (eczema, contact dermatitis, mug and more).
Types of surgery on the veins of the lower extremities
To date, medicine offers several options of operations on varicose veins of the lower extremities:
- complete removal of the vein or phlebectomy;
- removal of the affected segments of veins, or mikroflebektomiyu;
- laser as precipitation using a laser knife;
- high-frequency ablationem;
- sclerotherapy;
- Phlebectomy.
Miniflebektomiya
Treat sparing microinvasive operational interventions, which are deleted, damaged fragments of the container.
The advantage of this method is the absence of postoperative complications, because the operations are carried out through small punctures.
It reduces the time of rehabilitation and improves the cosmetic effect.
Laser removal
So undergoing treatment for varicose veins using a laser Expensive operation which is based on the removal of small veins using a laser knife. The essence of the operation in the impact of laser radiation on the container, thereby the blood of the rolls, and the container is sealed and separated. Furthermore, vienna is resolved.
The advantages of operation in the absence of surface defects and in a short recovery period. Immediately after surgery the patient can go home on your legs.
Radiofrequency ablation
The method is an improved version of the previous method, which is the least dangerous and traumatic of all existing.
Thanks to him you can remove the veins of all caliber up to varicose computers, without the use of anesthesia. The rehabilitation period is not needed, because in two weeks I can actively run.
But it should be noted that in some cases, the effect is not better than after laser removal.
Compression sclerotherapy
This method is difficult to describe operating. In its basis lies the use of sclerosant – a special substance, which when administered in the container turns it into fibrous tension bar. The injection is carried out several times, and just for veins of small caliber.
For the organization of sclerotherapy does not need anesthesia, this is used mainly for those who has anesthesia intolerance. But it requires a long period of rehabilitation. Patients necessarily wear a compression stocking for at least 3-x months.
The consequences of the operation
After surgical intervention the veins of the lower limbs likely to occur complications, of which the surgeons necessarily warn their patients in advance. All of these complications arise in the different stages of the implementation of the manipulation and depends on such factors:
- way surgery;
- phase of the negligence of the process and volume of robots;
- the choice of anesthetic and method of its introduction.
Depending on these factors, the likelihood of complications is different, as well as methods of their removal. Of course, traumatic and dangerous of the methods is phlebectomy. Because offendimus all the tissues of the lower extremities, there is a great likelihood of complications. The most basic of them:
- sterile inflammation of the skin around the seams;
- the emergence of voltage barher in which accumulates the blood, with redness of the skin and pain sensation;
- the secondary inflammatory processes in the result of the accession of bacterial infection;
- bleeding from the wound;
- significant swelling due to the traumatization of the lymph vessels and nodes in the inguinal area;
- thromboembolism system deep venous thrombosis due to continuous bed rest without preventive measures (use of compression stockings, minimal physical activity and administration of drugs that improve the rheology of the blood);
- bruises and exasperatur seams at the site of surgery;
- relapse and course of the disease.
The action in the first days after surgery
As soon as the patient wakes up after anesthesia, he needs to move his limbs as possible. The complex of exercises includes the rotation in the knee and ankle joint, flexion and extension of the legs. The main thing is to overdo it, to make it even worse.
On the second day of the operation they are doing by ligation, after which is given a special knitted underwear or doing tight bandaging of the feet.
The limb desirable to lift, to improve blood circulation. In any cases, the operating area can not be wet, and also to visit the baths, because it may distract the seams. If the patient shivers, it is worth it to take a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, after which necessarily visit the doctor. In cases of leg edema, it is desirable to reduce the physical download.
Over 9-10 days, the stitches are usually removed. Then it is assigned to an individual rehabilitation. Complete healing occurs depending on the stage of the disease and the physical condition of the person.
- A change in lifestyle and physical activity of patients;
- Correction of the diet after surgery;
- Compression therapy in the postoperative period.
A change in lifestyle and physical activity of patients
Because one of the main causes of varicose veins is physical inactivity, for the speedy recovery and healing of the recommended walks in the fresh air every evening, special exercises without encumbrances, walking "socks" and "heel", the cycling, the circular motion in the joints of the lower extremities, exercises of the type "scissors", as well as a foot massage and healthy sleep.
Correction of diet after surgery
Being overweight contributes to the relapse and progression of this disease, if the patient suffers from obesity, it is his urgent need to change your diet: reduce caloric, food to diversify the diet change. It is advisable to eat only a diet of meat, seafood and seafood, dairy products, cereals, fruits, vegetables, berries and nuts. So per day you need to drink close to 2 liters of ordinary water.
What else you need to remember to patients
Sick is worth to note, that the training of the seam is going on in the course of 3 months. Then form a scar. At this time should be treated carefully operated the property limbs:
- Can not rub the site of the operation rough and cruel sea sponges of various colors in the shower, but also enjoy the cosmetic scrub. Using a soft washcloth or just wash your hands.
- Water for bathing should be warm.
- Not the state is trying to erase iodine, brilliant green or other bright antiseptic at once, it will cause unnecessary friction.
- If you place the seam of the itching, apply a iodine, it would have an antiseptic effect and will be removed itching.
- Not worth the length of the bark themselves, they themselves will disappear.
- If you place the seam of the blush or around him appeared strange spots, contact your doctor.
- Try to protect yourself from stress and unnecessary worries.